ABSTRACT Introduction: Lifting weights requires muscular capacity, strength, and determination. Strength training for weightlifters stimulates the nervous system and promotes muscle hypertrophy. Strength training is the most important point in weightlifters' training. Objective: Explore the effects of abdominal core strength training on the physical fitness of weightlifters. Methods: 26 weightlifters were selected by random sampling. The athletes participated in physical training for 26 weeks. Athletes' physical fitness was measured before and after training. Tests included the y-Balance test, stability exercises, and abdominal center strength. After each training session, the players used foam rollers and baseballs for recovery training. After the experiment was completed, the data was analyzed by mathematical statistics. Results: The left lower limb stability of the weightlifters was better than the right in the Ans direction; in all three directions, there were extremely significant ipsilateral differences before and after the experiment(P<0.05). There was a highly significant difference between the level and super level of the ipsilateral upper limbs of the athletes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Weightlifters who practiced abdominal core strength exercises significantly improved the dynamic stability of the lower limbs. Young male weightlifters' upper limb motion stability is more symmetrical during abdominal core strength exercises. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: La halterofilia requiere capacidad muscular, fuerza y determinación. El entrenamiento de fuerza para levantadores de pesas estimula el sistema nervioso y promueve la hipertrofia muscular. El entrenamiento de fuerza es el punto más importante en el entrenamiento de los levantadores de pesas. Objetivo: Explorar los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza en el núcleo abdominal sobre la aptitud física de los levantadores de pesas. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 26 levantadores de pesas por muestreo aleatorio. Los atletas participaron en el entrenamiento físico durante 26 semanas. Se midió la aptitud física de los atletas antes y después del entrenamiento. Las pruebas incluían el test y-Balance y, ejercicios de estabilidad y fuerza del núcleo abdominal. Después de cada sesión de entrenamiento, los jugadores utilizaron rodillos de espuma y pelotas de béisbol para el entrenamiento de recuperación. Una vez finalizado el experimento, los datos se analizaron mediante estadística matemática. Resultados: La estabilidad de la extremidad inferior izquierda de los levantadores de pesas fue mejor que la derecha en la dirección Ans; en las tres direcciones, hubo diferencias ipsilaterales extremadamente significativas antes y después del experimento (P<0,05). Hubo una diferencia altamente significativa entre el nivel y el supernivel de los miembros superiores ipsilaterales de los atletas (P<0,05). Conclusión: Los levantadores de pesas que practicaron ejercicios de fuerza del núcleo abdominal mejoraron significativamente la estabilidad dinámica de los miembros inferiores. La estabilidad del movimiento de las extremidades superiores de los jóvenes levantadores de pesas es más simétrica durante el ejercicio de fuerza del núcleo abdominal. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: A elevação de pesos exige capacidade muscular, força e determinação. O treinamento de força para halterofilistas estimula o sistema nervoso e promove a hipertrofia muscular. Sendo o treinamento de força é o ponto mais importante no treino dos halterofilistas. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos do treinamento de força do centro abdominal sobre a aptidão física dos halterofilistas. Métodos: 26 halterofilistas foram selecionados por amostragem aleatória. Os atletas participaram do treinamento físico durante 26 semanas. A aptidão física dos atletas foi medida antes e depois do treinamento. Entre os testes estão o teste y-Balance, exercícios de estabilidade e força do centro abdominal. Após cada treinamento, os jogadores utilizaram rolos de espuma e bolas de beisebol para o treinamento de recuperação. Após a conclusão do experimento, os dados foram analisados por estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados: A estabilidade do membro inferior esquerdo dos halterofilistas foi melhor do que o direito na direção Ans; nas três direções, houveram diferenças ipsilaterais extremamente significativas antes e depois do experimento(P<0,05). Houve uma diferença muito significativa entre o nível e o super nível dos membros superiores do ipsilateral dos atletas (P<0,05). Conclusão: Halterofilistas que praticaram exercícios de força do centro abdominal melhoraram significativamente a estabilidade dinâmica dos membros inferiores. A estabilidade do movimento dos membros superiores dos jovens halterofilistas masculinos é mais simétrica durante o exercício de força do centro abdominal. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMO Objetivos: Investigar a incidência, fatores de risco e desfechos visuais do desenvolvimento da membrana epirretiniana após reparo do descolamento regmatogênico da retina. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de 309 olhos submetidos à cirurgia inicial para descolamento regmatogênico da retina primário sem complicações. Os exames foram realizados no pré-operatório aos 1, 3, 6 e 12 meses pós-operatórios. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, dependendo da presença ou ausência de membrana epirretiniana. Resultados: A incidência de membrana epirretiniana pós-operatória foi de 28,5%; 42,7% desses pacientes apresentaram desenvolvimento grave da membrana epirretiniana e, portanto, foram submetidos à remoção desta membrana. A regressão logística mostrou que as lágrimas retinianas gigantes (RC: 2,66; 95% IC: 1,045 - 6,792, p=0,040) e lágrimas em ferradura (RC: 0,534; 95% IC: 0,295-0,967, p=0,039), foram preditores significativos de membrana epirretiniana pós-operatória. A coloração com acetonida de triancinolona foi significativamente associada à prevenção da membrana epirretiniana (p=0,022). Trinta e quatro pacientes apresentaram acuidade visual melhorada, ou igual, ou acuidade visual final melhor corrigida; 4 olhos foram avaliados na consulta final de acompanhamento e apresentaram redução da acuidade visual melhor corrigida. Conclusão: Nossa análise demonstra que as lágrimas de ferradura e as lágrimas retinianas gigantes representam fatores de risco para a membrana epirretiniana pós-operatória. A coloração com acetonida de triancinolona teve um efeito preventivo significativo na membrana epirretiniana no pós-operatório. Além disso, uma segunda rodada de vitrectomia pars plana, incluindo remoção da membrana, levou a uma melhora significativa da acuidade visual final melhor corrigida na última consulta de acompanhamento, embora a recuperação tenha sido limitada.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and visual outcomes of epiretinal membrane development following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 309 eyes that underwent initial surgery for primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Examinations were conducted preoperatively and then postoperatively at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The study patients were categorized into two groups depending on the presence or absence of the epiretinal membrane. Results: The incidence of postoperative epiretinal membrane was 28.5%; 42.7% of these patients had severe epiretinal membrane development and therefore underwent the epiretinal membrane removal. Logistic regression analyses revealed that giant retinal tears (OR: 2.66; 95% CI: 1.045-6.792, p=0.040) and horseshoe tears (OR: 0.534; 95% CI: 0.295-0.967, p=0.039) were the significant predictors of postoperative epiretinal membrane. Triamcinolone acetonide staining was significantly associated with the prevention of epiretinal membrane (p=0.022). A total of 34 patients showed a better or an equal final best-corrected visual acuity; of which 4 eyes were evaluated at the final follow-up visit and exhibited a reduced best-corrected visual acuity. Conclusion: Our analysis demonstrated that horseshoe tears and giant retinal tears represent the risk factors for the postoperative epiretinal membrane. Triamcinolone acetonide staining had a significant preventive effect on the postoperative epiretinal membrane. Furthermore, a second round of pars plana vitrectomy, including membrane removal, led to a significant improvement in the final best-corrected visual acuity as per the last follow-up examination, albeit the recovery was limited.

RESUMEN El índice estandarizado de precipitación y evapotranspiración (SPEI), calculado a partir de 55 estaciones durante el período 1961-2015, se utilizó para analizar la variabilidad espacial y temporal del clima seco y húmedo en Xinjiang en una escala de tiempo de tres y seis meses, a fin de mitigar los efectos negativos del cambio climático y reducir las pérdidas por desastres. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la precipitación y la temperatura en Xinjiang tienen una tendencia creciente, con tasas de 8.90 mm y 0.39 ºC por década, respectivamente. SPEI-3 y SPEI-6 muestran la misma tendencia de cambio lineal, con una tasa de cambio de 0.005 y 0.007 por década, respectivamente. Sequías severas ocurrieron en 1997 y 2008, y particularmente en 2008 el número de estaciones meteorológicas con sequía moderada y sequía extrema representó el 60 % del total de estaciones considerando SPEI-6. El análisis de funciones empíricas ortogonales (EOF) indica que SPEI-3 y SPEI-6 tienen una distribución espacial similar en los tres modos EOF. EOF1 refleja que los cambios secos y húmedos generales en el área de estudio se debilitan y hay una tendencia a la sequía; EOF2 indica un cambio inverso en el norte y el sur de Xinjiang; EOF3 muestra que en el este de Tianshan hay tendencia a la sequía, mientras que en la parte occidental del sur de Xinjiang tiende a disminuir la sequía. Los espectros de coherencia de ondeletas y transformada de ondeletas cruzadas mostraron que los valores SPEI en Xinjiang tienen períodos de resonancia de diferentes escalas de tiempo con la Oscilación Multidecadal (AMO) del Atlántico, El Niño y la Oscilación del Sur (ENOS), la Oscilación del Atlántico Norte (NAO) y la Oscilación Decadal del Pacífico (PDO), pero con ciertas diferencias en diferentes dominios temporales de correlación. Entre ellos, la AMO es el principal factor de circulación atmosférica que afecta al SPEI en la región.

ABSTRACT The standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), calculated from 55 stations over the period 1961-2015, was used to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of the dry and wet climate in Xinjiang on a three and six-month time scale, so as to help to actively deal with the negative effects of climate change and reduce disaster losses. The obtained results show that precipitation and temperature in Xinjiang have an increasing trend, with rates of 8.90 mm and 0.39 ºC per decade, respectively. SPEI-3 and SPEI-6 show the same linear change trend, with a change rate of 0.005 and 0.007 per decade, respectively. Severe droughts occurred in 1997 and 2008, and particularly in 2008 considering SPEI-6, the number of meteorological stations with moderate drought and extreme drought accounted for 60 % of all stations. Analysis of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) indicates that SPEI-3 and SPEI-6 have similar spatial distribution in the three EOF modes. EOF1 reflects that the overall dry and wet changes in the study area were weakening, and there was a drying trend; EOF2 was a reverse change in the northern and Southern Xinjiang; EOF3 shows that the East Tianshan had a drying trend, while the western part of Southern Xinjiang had a moistening trend. The spectra of wavelet coherence and cross wavelet transform showed that the SPEI values in Xinjiang have resonance periods of different time scales with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Pacific Decadal oscillation (PDO), but shows differences in different time-domain correlations. Among them, AMO is the main atmospheric circulation factor that affects SPEI in the region.

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect and specific mechanism of Coix Seed Oil (CSO) on immune hepatic fibrosis in immune injury rats. In this study, healthy Wister rats were injected with porcine serum in order to establish hepatic fibrosis model. We choose the compound Sophora flavescens injection as the positive control drug. HE staining was used to observe the morphological and histological changes. HSC-T6 cells were cultured in vitro. MTT and AO/EB staining were used to detect the effect of CSO on the proliferation and apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells. The results shown that Coix seed oil significantly improved hepatic fibrosis of immune injury rats, and the degree of hepatic fibrosis in CSO group was significantly reduced. Intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg significantly reduced the levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, HA, LN, PIIINP and C-IV in rats (P < 0.01).), MTT assay showed that the cells proliferated well. The results of HE staining showed that Coix seed oil had a good therapeutic effect on immune-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. AO/EB staining showed that 0.5 mg/mL CSO for 24 h and 0.1 mg/mL CSO for 48 h both significantly promoted the apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells. In conclusion, Coix seed oil has a significant therapeutic effect on immune hepatic fibrosis, and its molecular mechanism may be related to antagonizing cytokine TGF-β1, inhibiting the expression of TIMP-1, promoting collagen degradation, inhibiting the activation of hepatocyte and promoting the apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells.

The objective of this study was to explore the role of the SULF2-mediated ERK/AKT signaling pathway in cervical cancer. SULF2 expression was detected in tumor tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues from cervical cancer patients. HeLa cells were divided into six groups: control group, NC group, SULF2 siRNA group, SULF2 group, SULF2 + LY294002 group, and SULF2 + U0125 group. In each group, HeLa cells received the corresponding treatment, followed by measurement of the cellular biological characteristics and expression of the ERK/AKT signaling pathway. We also confirmed the effect of SULF2 in vivo using a xenograft model in nude mice. SULF2 was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, which was specifically associated with the clinical stage, histological differentiation, and lymphatic metastasis. Compared to the control group, the SULF2 siRNA group displayed decreased expression of SULF2, concomitant with reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion, but there was an increase in the apoptosis rate of HeLa cells, as well as downregulation of the p-Akt/Akt, p-ERK/ERK, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios and cyclin D1. Additionally, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the xenograft model of nude mice. The results in the SULF2 group were quite the opposite in which SULF2 facilitated the growth of cervical cancer cells, which was reversed by LY294002 or U0126. SULF2 is highly expressed in cervical cancer, and thus, downregulation of SULF2 can inhibit the ERK1/2 and AKT signaling pathways to suppress the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cervical cancer cells while facilitating apoptosis.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the concise effects of a traditional herb pair, Curcumae rhizoma-Sparganii rhizoma (CRSR), on uterine leiomyoma (UL) by analyzing transcriptional profiling. The UL rat model was made by intramuscular injection of progesterone and gavage administration of diethylstilbestrol. From 11 weeks of the establishment of the model, rats of the UL+CRSR group were gavaged daily with CRSR (6.67 g/kg). The serum concentrations of progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2) were determined by radioimmunoassay, the uterine index was measured by caliper measurement, and the pathological status was observed by hematoxylin and eosin stain. Gene expression profiling was checked by NimbleGen Rat Gene Expression Microarrays. The results indicated that the uterine mass of UL+CRSR rats was significantly shrunk and serum P and E2 levels significantly reduced compared to UL animals and nearly to the level of normal rats. Results of microarrays displayed the extensive inhibition of CRSR upon the expression of proliferation and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, and significantly regulated a wide range of metabolism disorders. Furthermore, CRSR extensively regulated key pathways of the UL process, such as MAPK, PPAR, Notch, and TGF-β/Smad. Regulation of the crucial pathways for the UL process and ECM metabolism may be the underlying mechanisms of CRSR treatment. Further studies will provide clear clues for effectively treating UL with CRSR.

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) can present with different morphologic features and lead to kidney failure. The Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) that cannot be relieved by treatment with glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive agents suggests the presence of monoclonal gammopathy in adult patients. The present study reports on a single case of HSPN associated with IgA-κMGRS. The patient who suffered from recurrent skin purpura for 6 months and nephrotic syndrome for 2 months was admitted to our hospital. Bone marrow biopsy showed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Kidney biopsy indicated a Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN, ISKDC classified as type III) with positive staining with κ-light chain in the glomeruli and renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, skin biopsy showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis and negative staining for Congo red and light chain. Given both the renal and cutaneous involvement, the patient was considered to have HSPN associated with IgA-κMGRS. The patient experienced an exacerbation in his purpura-like lesions and clinical status after treatment with glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive agents. Consequently, the patient was put on a regimen that included dexamethasone (20 mg on the 1st, 4th, 8th, and 11th days of each month, iv) and bortezomib (2.4 mg on the 1st, 4th, 8th, and 11th days of each month, iv). Eight weeks after treatment, he had complete resolution of his cutaneous purpura and his biochemical parameters improved. The latent presence of MGRS in cases of HSPN should be considered in adult patients. Increased cognizance and correct treatment options could improve patient outcomes.

Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) are benign monoclonal tumors that arise from the underlying myometrial tissue in the uterus. Effective therapies are still lacking because of poor understanding of the pathophysiology and epidemiology. Hence, it is urgent to establish efficient animal models to screen novel anti-UL therapies. In this study, for the first time, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine were combined to establish an animal model of ULs in rats. In order to evaluate the function and value of the novel model, it was compared with other models. The long-term and short-term rat models for ULs were established using progesterone and diethylstilbestrol. Rats in Qi stagnation and blood stasis group were injected with epinephrine hydrochloride and received chronic unpredictable stress for two weeks. Rats in combining disease with syndrome group (CDWSG) received not only epinephrine hydrochloride injection and chronic unpredictable stress but also progesterone and diethylstilbestrol treatment. We analyzed differences in organ coefficient, uterus size, uterine pathology, concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, expression of desmin, α-smooth muscle actin, and vimentin among the five groups. The animal model of ULs was successfully constructed by loading the rats with estrogen and progesterone. The rat model of CDWSG was more stable than other groups and the method was the most efficient.

ABSTRACT Objective: miR-483-5p has been identified as a miRNA oncogene in certain cancers. However, its role in prostate cancer has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-483-5p in prostate cancer and examined RBM5 regulation by miR-483-5p. Material and methods: Expression levels of miR-483-5p were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The effect of miR-483-5p on proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, cell invasion was evaluated by trans-well invasion assays, and target protein expression was determined by western blotting in LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3 cells. Luciferase reporter plasmids were constructed to confirm the action of miR-483-5p on downstream target gene RBM5 in HEK-293T cells. Results: we observed that miR-483-5p was upregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and tissues. A miR-483-5p inhibitor inhibited prostate cancer cell growth and invasion in DU-145 and PC-3 cells. miR-483-5p directly bound to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of RBM5 in HEK-293T cells. RBM5 overexpression inhibited prostate cancer cell growth and invasion in LNCaP cells. Enforced RBM5 expression alleviated miR-483-5p promotion of prostate cancer cell growth and invasion in LNCaP cells. Conclusion: The present study describes a potential mechanism underlying a miR-483-5p/RBM5 link that contributes to prostate cancer development.

Abstract A three-dimensional rail-bridge coupling element of unequal lengths in which the length of the rail element is shorter than that of the bridge element is presented in this paper to investigate the spatial dynamic responses of a train-track-bridge interaction system. Formulation of stiffness and damping matrices for the fastener, ballast, and bearing, as well as the three-dimensional equations of motion in matrix form for a train-track-bridge interaction system using the proposed element are derived in detail using the energy principle. The accuracy of the proposed three-dimensional rail-bridge coupling element is verified using the existing two-dimensional element. Three examples of a seven-span continuous beam bridge are shown: the first investigates the influence of the efficiency and accuracy of the lengths of the rail and bridge elements on the spatial dynamic responses of the train-track-bridge interaction system, and the other two illustrate the influence of two types of track models and two types of wheel-rail interaction models on the dynamic responses of the system. Results show that (1) the proposed rail-bridge coupling element is not only able to help conserve calculation time, but it also gives satisfactory results when investigating the spatial dynamic responses of a train-track-bridge interaction system; (2) the double-layer track model is more accurate in comparison with the single-layer track model, particularly in relation to vibrations of bridge and rail; and (3) the no-jump wheel-rail interaction model is generally reliable and efficient in predicting the dynamic responses of a train-track-bridge interaction system.

The morphology of Chinese fire-bellied newt liver consists of 5 lobes, with exception of a few individual differences present, which are composed by a number of hepatic lobules. Passing through the center of the lobules, a central vein radiates and is arranged in orderly row from one to several layers. The interval of the hepatic cords or masses are irregular and variable sinusoid. The hepatic sinusoidal wall consists of one layer endothelial cells or Macrophagocytus stellatus (Kupffer cells), which have protrusions and elongations. The intervals of the hepatic cells have perisinusoidal space (space of Disse). The hepatic cell is polygonal in shape with uniform, round or oval nucleus, 17.812.4µm in diameter, mean 14.2 µm 2-6 nucleoli, nuclear-cytoplasmic volume ratio was 0.24:1. There is a lot of pigmentation in the hepatic parenchyma.

La morfología del hígado del tritón de vientre de fuego chino está constituida por 5 lóbulos, excepto unos pocos que presentan diferencias individuales, los cuales se componen de una gran cantidad de lóbulos hepáticos. Pasando por el centro de los lóbulos, se encuentra una vena central radial y los organiza en cordones o placas hepáticas. La vena central es delgada de 61,6-30,2 µm de diámetro, con una media 42 de µm. Los hepatocitos alrededor de la vena central están organizados en filas ordenadas por una a varias capas. El intervalo de los cordones hepáticos o masas es irregular y sinusoidal variable. La pared del sinusoide hepático está formada por una capa de células endoteliales o macrófagos hepáticos (células de Kupffer) que tienen protuberancias y elongaciones. El intervalo de las células hepáticas tienen el espacio perisinusoidal (de Disse). La célula hepática es de forma poligonal con un núcleo redondo u oval uniforme de 17,8-12,4 µm de diámetro, con una media 14,2µm. 2 a 6 nucléolos, con un radio de volumen nuclear-citoplasmático de 0,24:1. Hay una gran cantidad de pigmentación en el parénquima hepático.